Pulling timing vs horsepower
#2
depends how far off from MBT or peak timing the fuel can handle. The further you get, the more you generally lose. So the first 2 or 3 degrees you might lose 4 hp each, but after the 4th or 5th, each degree could have more weight at 10 hp each for example. This is an effect of deviating from the apex of a concave parabola. It is NOT linear. This is apparent in the Gen V, and Gen IV torque tables in which the torque model solution is a complex polynomial, non-linear relationship.