Knock sensor riddle
The Knock Sensor (KS) system detects engine pre-detonation. The Powertrain Control Module (PCM) retards the spark timing based on the signals from the knock sensors. The knock sensors produce an AC voltage when specific frequencies are detected. The knock sensor voltages are an input to the PCM. The amount of AC voltage produced is proportional to the intensity of the knock.
An operating engine produces a normal amount of engine mechanical vibration. The knock sensors produce an AC voltage signal from this noise. When an engine operates, the PCM learns the minimum and maximum frequency of the noise that the engine produces. When the PCM determines that this frequency is less than or more than the expected amount, a knock sensor Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) sets.
CONDITIONS FOR RUNNING THE DTC
The engine speed is between 1,500 RPM and 3,000 RPM .
The MAP is less than 44 kpa .
The Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) is more than 60°C (140°F) .
The throttle angle is more than 0.5 percent .
The engine run time is more than 20 seconds .
CONDITIONS FOR SETTING THE DTC
The PCM determines that this frequency is less than or more than the expected amount for less than 3 seconds .





