OK after you have the caliper on you should install the pad bracket, the "U" shaped piece that came off, torque those bolts to 74 lbs/ft. There are 2, what I refer to, as rattle clips, when clean they look like they are brass. These clip into the pad bracket, there are notches in the bracket to hold them in, although sometimes they will fall out. These help hold the pads in while you install the caliper. Install the pads into the bracket. Did you remember to compress the pistons in the caliper? That may be why you can't get it over the new pads. OK the pad that has a small metal clip welded to the side of it goes to the inside of the car, the one without to the outside. After compressing the caliper it should just slide over the new pads and rotor. Put the bolts in it, APPLY LOC-TITE, and torque to 23lbs/ft. If you have trouble compressing the caliper, don't force it, you could force fluid back into the system that may be polluted. Open the bleed valve slightly and then compress, the fluid will run out as you compress. After that close up the valve and continue working. Don't forget to bleed your brake syystem. And if you need a little more help try:
http://www.installuniversity.com/ins...sity/index.htm
click on the link on the side that says install documents and go to the brakes section.