LT1-LT4 Modifications 1993-97 Gen II Small Block V8

What is the HP/TQ limit of 2 bolt main LT1 shortblock?

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Old 09-06-2009, 04:04 PM
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Originally Posted by engineermike
...The main bolts prevent the cap from deflecting downward. The register fit prevents the caps from moving side to side. The only direction they are free to move is axially, so some high-hp builds put dowel pins to prevent that...
Splaying the outer two bolts reduces the clamping force by a factor of cosine(theta).

I fail to see where splaying them improves any of this.
Old 09-06-2009, 06:55 PM
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still missing the point to the thread. im also curious of the answer. at what power level should one consider upgrading the bottom end? im talking bone stock. down to the pistons
Old 09-06-2009, 07:10 PM
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Originally Posted by ElkySS
still missing the point to the thread. im also curious of the answer. at what power level should one consider upgrading the bottom end? im talking bone stock. down to the pistons
I think consensus is that you'll run into limitations of the ECM and stock CID before you over-power the stock bottom-end NA.
Old 09-07-2009, 11:46 AM
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Originally Posted by engineermike
Splaying the outer two bolts reduces the clamping force by a factor of cosine(theta).

I fail to see where splaying them improves any of this.
Lol ok.. Splaying them would require less clamping force to have the same or more holding power. Man thats the whole point. Just think about it you spread the load acrossed a greater span of material when you throw shear in the recipe. If you think about it you are putting compressive loads on the material on either side of the bolt, as opposed to trying to pull it apart with a bolt thats strait. But hey, you believe what you want to believe. And im sorry to the OP about the thread getting astray from the topic. Im done with this thread.
Old 09-07-2009, 08:10 PM
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Originally Posted by wht97ws6ta
Lol ok.. Splaying them would require less clamping force to have the same or more holding power. Man thats the whole point. Just think about it you spread the load acrossed a greater span of material when you throw shear in the recipe. If you think about it you are putting compressive loads on the material on either side of the bolt, as opposed to trying to pull it apart with a bolt thats strait. But hey, you believe what you want to believe. And im sorry to the OP about the thread getting astray from the topic. Im done with this thread.
I'm still trying to figure out what, exactly, you are trying to prevent by splaying the mains... You talk about clamping force (saving the crank) but then talk about putting compressive loads in the block (saving the block).
Old 09-07-2009, 09:57 PM
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Originally Posted by engineermike
I'm still trying to figure out what, exactly, you are trying to prevent by splaying the mains... You talk about clamping force (saving the crank) but then talk about putting compressive loads in the block (saving the block).
well i mean the block is what contains all of it. Its the block you are clamping everything to. None of this will really cause an instant failure given a sound engine to work with, but can cause premature failures of other pieces. It just boils down to how long a engine can run at a given power level without killing bearings. If you are seeing fretting then that means your making enough power to stretch the main bolts and cause the caps to walk. It wont cause a instant failure so to speak but campared to if they were perfectly stable (which is unlikely at your power level in a small block) then it might cause the bearings to experience some more pain. Im not saying splaying the mains will totally eliminate fretting at extreme power levels but it can prevent some of it. The only way to somewhat solve that is pinning the mains, and even then ive seen some fretting on some big inch big blocks and anything making extreme torque. I see you got saving the block and saving the crank in parenthases. Well the block is the foundation of the engine. Without a sturdy block then it could inflict demage to the crank and if the crank is the weaker link then it will be the first to break, and not be the root cause of the failure. When you bolt an engine together it has to all work together as a whole.
Old 09-07-2009, 10:36 PM
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well i for one am curious if my completely stock bottom end will take a decent (Ai) heads and cam setup with a 150-200 shot on top of it. anyone think it will do that?
Old 09-07-2009, 10:50 PM
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Originally Posted by ElkySS
well i for one am curious if my completely stock bottom end will take a decent (Ai) heads and cam setup with a 150-200 shot on top of it. anyone think it will do that?
Not for any reliable amount of time.
Old 09-08-2009, 06:16 AM
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Originally Posted by wht97ws6ta
... boils down to how long a engine can run at a given power level without killing bearings. If you are seeing fretting then that means your making enough power to stretch the main bolts and cause the caps to walk. It wont cause a instant failure so to speak but campared to if they were perfectly stable (which is unlikely at your power level in a small block) then it might cause the bearings to experience some more pain. Im not saying splaying the mains will totally eliminate fretting at extreme power levels but it can prevent some of it. The only way to somewhat solve that is pinning the mains, and even then ive seen some fretting on some big inch big blocks and anything making extreme torque. I see you got saving the block and saving the crank in parenthases. Well the block is the foundation of the engine. Without a sturdy block then it could inflict demage to the crank and if the crank is the weaker link then it will be the first to break, and not be the root cause of the failure. ..
I agree that keeping the mains stable is the primary concern here, but your previous statements about putting the block in compressive stress will do nothing for that. It may do something to prevent block cracks, but nothing for main stability.

If keeping the main caps firmly in place on the block is the challenge, then I still can't see any mechanism on a splayed main that accomplishes this. Side-to-side stability is already taken care of by the register fit and stretching the main bolts is directionally worse with splayed.

I could make a case for increased block strength with splayed, but most will see main cap stability issues before they ever crack a well-prepared block.

Mike
Old 09-08-2009, 08:23 AM
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So the overwhelming consensus is the sky is falling and going with splayed like thousands and thousands of individuals have means certain fatal results...
Old 09-08-2009, 08:55 AM
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so there is a safe limit right? i know theres no certain number but would anyone care to take a guess?
Old 09-08-2009, 09:06 AM
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Originally Posted by SS RRR
So the overwhelming consensus is the sky is falling and going with splayed like thousands and thousands of individuals have means certain fatal results...
Both splayed and straight 4-bolt will support more power than 99% of the people who use them, so you need not concern yourself unless you're in the 900+ hp range.

Last edited by engineermike; 09-08-2009 at 09:20 AM.
Old 09-08-2009, 09:23 AM
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Originally Posted by ElkySS
so there is a safe limit right? i know theres no certain number but would anyone care to take a guess?
My answer:

Originally Posted by engineermike
I think consensus is that you'll run into limitations of the ECM and stock CID before you over-power the stock bottom-end NA.
To expound on this, I don't think you could make more than about 450 rwhp on stock cid, NA, on the stock ECU.
Old 09-08-2009, 11:49 AM
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Originally Posted by 96capricemgr
I think a lot of folks are applying what they heard about gen 1 blocks to LT1 blocks which are a different casting.

Lots of blind bench racing going on without any regard to what ACTUALLY WORKS. Which is absolutely perfect because that is all the OP cares about, bench racing.
amen
Old 09-08-2009, 11:51 AM
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What a bunch of idiots
Old 09-08-2009, 11:53 AM
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Originally Posted by mdacton
What a bunch of idiots
WRONG!
Old 09-08-2009, 12:27 PM
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Originally Posted by engineermike
I agree that keeping the mains stable is the primary concern here, but your previous statements about putting the block in compressive stress will do nothing for that. It may do something to prevent block cracks, but nothing for main stability.

If keeping the main caps firmly in place on the block is the challenge, then I still can't see any mechanism on a splayed main that accomplishes this. Side-to-side stability is already taken care of by the register fit and stretching the main bolts is directionally worse with splayed.

I could make a case for increased block strength with splayed, but most will see main cap stability issues before they ever crack a well-prepared block.

Mike
Well its like i explain before with the nails and wood except you are basically using the tensil strength for clamping force and the shear for stability (preventing stretching the center bolts). If the theory doesnt work then why does it make seperating 2 pieces of wood with simple nails (minimal clamping force and none when force is applied against them) much harder? Its all about the shear.
Old 09-08-2009, 12:40 PM
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Originally Posted by wht97ws6ta
Well its like i explain before with the nails and wood except you are basically using the tensil strength for clamping force and the shear for stability (preventing stretching the center bolts). If the theory doesnt work then why does it make seperating 2 pieces of wood with simple nails (minimal clamping force and none when force is applied against them) much harder? Its all about the shear.
Nails don't work the same as bolts. See post #36. Also, steel is weaker in shear than direct tension. Finally, stability in what direction?

Last edited by engineermike; 09-08-2009 at 01:49 PM.
Old 09-08-2009, 05:18 PM
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Originally Posted by engineermike
Nails don't work the same as bolts. See post #36. Also, steel is weaker in shear than direct tension. Finally, stability in what direction?
Dude shear is shear whether its in a nail or a bolt. If the theory is evident with a nail which has no threads or means of clamping load its dang sure going to be evident with a bolt that has clamping capabilities. The head of the bolt stabilizes the bolt against the surface of the cap. Its not like the bolt is going to just snap when shear is evident. It has been working for many many years now. If it was going to cause a failure it wouldnt have been so popular in the performance industries. And to answer the question about what direction it supports, well the load is pounding downward on the cap. Read between the lines man i said it prevents stretching the center two bolts. Shouldve been a big clue there. Im sorry you cant look at this picture as a whole. Its real evident why it works. Shouldnt be to hard to grasp the concept. But like i said before you believe what you want to believe, meanwhile millions of engines will be assm. with splayed mains. Ive said enough, if you cant understand it by now then im not going to be any means of helping you understand the concept.
Old 09-08-2009, 05:41 PM
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Originally Posted by wht97ws6ta
And to answer the question about what direction it supports, well the load is pounding downward on the cap.
The load is actually parallel to the connecting rod, which varies from nearly-vertical to nearly-horizontal depending on rod length and crank angle. However, the register-fit directs this load straight down. Putting bolt tension in any other direction from straight up (directly counteracting the load) will be less effective at keeping the main caps in place. There is another reason to splay the mains, which trades off cap stability for something else.

Originally Posted by wht97ws6ta
Dude shear is shear whether its in a nail or a bolt. If the theory is evident with a nail which has no threads or means of clamping load its dang sure going to be evident with a bolt that has clamping capabilities. The head of the bolt stabilizes the bolt against the surface of the cap. Its not like the bolt is going to just snap when shear is evident. It has been working for many many years now. If it was going to cause a failure it wouldnt have been so popular in the performance industries. ... Read between the lines man i said it prevents stretching the center two bolts. Shouldve been a big clue there. Im sorry you cant look at this picture as a whole. Its real evident why it works. Shouldnt be to hard to grasp the concept. But like i said before you believe what you want to believe, meanwhile millions of engines will be assm. with splayed mains. Ive said enough, if you cant understand it by now then im not going to be any means of helping you understand the concept.
Try and understand some concepts from Strengths of Materials, Statics, Machine Design, or even how a bolt works (just like a nail, right), then convinced yourself that I'm the one that "can't grasp the concept". When you learn how to plot it on Mohr's circle, calculate bolt stress and stretch, or even draw a "free body diagram", come back and explain it all to me.

But, hey, don't believe me with my measly 900 hp and straight 4-bolt mains. You could always asked George Baxter, who make over 1100 hp on straight 4-bolt mains.

Since I got no satisfactory response from you, I did some digging on my own. It seems they splay the outer bolts simply to tie them into a stiffer part of the casting, which prevents cracking in the block. It has nothing to do with main cap stability, putting the bolt in shear, or nailing wood, after all.

Mike

Last edited by engineermike; 09-09-2009 at 07:24 AM.


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