If the heads are off it's a little difficult to tell whether or not your at TDC on the compression stroke for #1 unless the cam is installed and the timing chain is in place. If the cam is in you can tell for sure. The cam is like the brains of the engine and the crank is the backbone. Back to basics: I,C,C,E. That's the 4 stroke cycle. Who dictates the 4 stroke cycle? It's the camshaft of course, not the crankshaft. So the cam gives the orders and the crank follows the cams instructions. #1 piston is going to be at TDC twice during every 4 stroke cycle, but your only interested in the one cycle when compression is being made and that's when BOTH the intake AND exhaust valves are CLOSED. If the heads are off watch the intake lifter for #1. As your turning the crank the intake lifter will roll over on its' back. As it does the piston will start coming to the top of its' bore. Both valves for #1 are now on their backs(closed) so your on the compression stroke. With the heads on you can watch your rockers to tell, but with the heads removed you can still tell with the lifters out by watching the cam lobes themselves. If the cam is removed there is no such thing as TDC or BDC or I,C,C,E anymore because the brain has been removed sort of like the scarecrow in the Wizard of OZ. I figured the crank had been moved, but I'm a little confused by the explaination. The crank pulley is not keyed. It's an interference fit. The cam chain/oil pump drive sprocket IS keyed. Is this the sprocket that was installed improperly. That would explain the DOT to DOT problem.